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J. K. RowlingA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
On the eve of his birthday, Harry Potter, a young wizard, is up late working on his summer homework. Harry, who lost both of his parents to the evil Lord Voldemort when he was a baby, lives with his terrible relatives, the Dursleys. The Dursleys are Muggles: non-magical people who forbid him to practice magic during the summer and who “had hoped that if they kept Harry as downtrodden as possible, they would be able to squash the magic out of him” (2). Harry is isolated in the Dursleys’ house, and he hasn’t been able to contact his wizarding friends—Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger—because Harry’s pet owl, Hedwig, isn’t allowed to bring them letters. Suddenly Harry gets a visit from three owls.
One owl is from Ron, who sends Harry a news clipping from the wizard newspaper, the Daily Prophet. The article states that “[t]he Weasley family will be spending a month in Egypt” because Ron’s dad won “the annual Daily Prophet Grand Prize Galleon Draw” (8). Ron wishes Harry a happy birthday and gives him a Sneakoscope, which lights up and spins when someone untrustworthy is nearby. The second owl is from Hermione, who gives Harry a broom servicing kit for his racing broom, a Nimbus Two Thousand. The third owl is from Hagrid, the gamekeeper at Hogwarts, who gives Harry a bizarre book that tries to bite him, though Hagrid says that Harry “might find [it] useful for next year” (14). Harry also receives a letter from Professor McGonagall, the deputy headmistress of Hogwarts, reminding him that as a third-year student, he will be eligible to visit the neighboring village of Hogsmeade on weekends. However, Harry must have permission from his guardian to go, and he wonders how he will manage to persuade the Dursleys to sign his permission form.
The next morning, Harry goes downstairs to find the Dursleys having breakfast in the kitchen. A news report on the television announces that a convict named Sirius Black has escaped from prison. Viewers are warned that “Black is armed and extremely dangerous,” and that “any sighting of Black should be reported immediately” (16-17). Uncle Vernon’s sister, Aunt Marge, is on her way to stay with the Dursleys, and Harry is instructed to be on his best behavior. He must also keep up the Dursleys’ lie that he attends a school for criminal boys. Harry strikes a deal with Uncle Vernon: “If you sign my permission form [...] I’ll remember where I’m supposed to go to school, and I’ll act [...] like I’m normal and everything” (21). Uncle Vernon is furious at the thought of being blackmailed, but he agrees. Aunt Marge arrives, and she immediately starts to bully Harry, insulting him and bossing him around. One night, Aunt Marge begins to insult Harry’s deceased parents, calling his father a “no-account, good-for-nothing, lazy scrounger” and his mother a “bad egg” (28). Harry’s anger mounts until he lashes out and starts arguing with Aunt Marge. Suddenly, Aunt Marge begins to inflate “like a monstrous balloon” (29) as a result of Harry’s anger and magical abilities. Harry runs for his school things and his trunk as the Dursleys try to get Marge off of the ceiling. He flees from the house into the night, “heaving his heavy trunk behind him” (30).
As Harry wanders into the night with his things, he tries to figure out what to do next. He senses that someone or something is watching him, and when he looks around the shadows of the Muggle neighborhood, he sees “the hulking outline of something very big, with wide, gleaming eyes” (33). Suddenly, the Knight Bus appears: a wickedly fast, triple-decker bus that can transport Harry to the wizarding part of London, Diagon Alley. While on board the bus, Harry spies a copy of the Daily Prophet, which features a photograph and article about Sirius Black, “possibly the most infamous prisoner ever to be held in Azkaban fortress” (37). Harry learns that Black, a wizard and follower of Lord Voldemort, was imprisoned in the wizard prison Azkaban for murdering 13 Muggles with a single curse years ago.
Harry is delivered to a pub in Diagon Alley called the Leaky Cauldron, and the Minister of Magic, Cornelius Fudge, greets Harry upon his arrival. Harry is brought into the Leaky Cauldron, and Fudge assures him that he isn’t in trouble, adding, “We don’t send people to Azkaban just for blowing up their aunts” (45). Fudge urges Harry to stay at the Leaky Cauldron until it’s time to return to Hogwarts at the end of the summer, and he asks Harry to stay in Diagon Alley. Fudge implies that it isn’t safe for Harry to go wandering off on his own right now, although he doesn’t say why.
Harry spends the rest of the summer exploring Diagon Alley. He shops for his school supplies and admires a new racing broom called the Firebolt. Harry runs into Ron and Hermione, who are also staying in Diagon Alley with Ron’s family. Because Ron’s father works for the Ministry of Magic—the government for wizards in Britain—Ron and Hermione heard about what happened with Aunt Marge. Ron’s pet rat, Scabbers, is “looking thinner than usual,” and Ron “[doesn’t] think Egypt agreed with him” (57). They go to Magical Menagerie, a shop for magical creatures, and while Ron is buying rat tonic for Scabbers, a giant orange cat jumps on his head, trying to get at the rat. Scabbers runs out of the shop and Ron captures him, but to his horror, Hermione buys the orange cat and names him Crookshanks.
Back at the Leaky Cauldron, the entire Weasley family greets Harry, and later that night, Harry overhears Mr. and Mrs. Weasley having an argument. Mr. Weasley insists that “Harry’s got a right to know,” but Mrs. Weasley argues that “the truth would terrify him” (65). She insists that Harry will be safe at Hogwarts, but Mr. Weasley reminds her that they “thought Azkaban was perfectly safe. If Black can break out of Azkaban, he can break into Hogwarts” (65). Mr. Weasley states that Black is after Harry because he “thinks murdering Harry will bring You-Know-Who back to power” (66)—a reference to Lord Voldemort, whose name many people are afraid to speak aloud. Harry lies awake thinking about the idea that a mass murderer is after him. He is annoyed that everyone seems to think he can’t take care of himself, and “the thing that bother[s] Harry most [is] the fact that his chances of visiting Hogsmeade now [look] like zero” (68).
The opening chapters of The Prisoner of Azkaban keep up the theme of Harry’s summer being interrupted by an unusual magical experience. In this case, the situation is more serious: Harry has never used his magic to attack a member of his Muggle family, and he has never had so much trouble keeping his anger in check. At this point in the series, Harry is 13 and beginning to show the mood swings and longing for independence that many teenagers experience. Harry might be a wizard, but he is still a teenager, and The Prisoner of Azkaban signals this shift in Harry’s character. In the same vein, Harry is still a child with childish wants. Even though he learns at the end of chapter four that Sirius Black is after him, Harry is still preoccupied by his desire to go to Hogsmeade during the school year, despite it being unsafe for him. Harry is beginning to resent the ways in which people try to protect him, and he craves independence.
The introduction of Sirius Black hints that the lines between the Muggle world and the wizarding world are beginning to blur. Harry first hears about Sirius Black on the Muggle news but later learns that he is a wizard, imprisoned in the wizard prison Azkaban. Although the Muggle and wizard worlds are strictly separated per the Ministry of Magic, the decision to use the Muggle media in hopes of recapturing Black implies that the Minister of Magic is in over his head. The Muggle world is only pulled into wizarding matters of the utmost importance, which hints that Black is not a typical prisoner and that the Ministry of Magic is ill-equipped to handle him.
The opening chapters set up the rivalry between Scabbers and Crookshanks. Crookshanks takes an immediate dislike to Scabbers, and his attempts to catch the rat are a huge strain on Ron and Hermione’s friendship. However, Rowling turns this classic game of Cat and Mouse on its head with the revelation that Scabbers isn’t an innocent, sickly rat at all, but a murderer who has been in hiding for years and who fears that he will finally be found out.
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By J. K. Rowling